Region splitting
Allows multiple physical computers to cooperate on maintaining one region. This is good for scenarios where you would want a large amount of people in the same region (think large events). OpenSim has already proven the potential of holding well over a hundred users, and this patch increases that number many times.
Dynamic load balancing
Monitors the load (often related to number of users) a region is exposed to and can realtime move the region to a computer with less load (while it's running!). More efficient use of computer resources means we save electricity. No more empty regions occupying an idle server. So this is a green patch! :)